On September 24, China’s first large-scale 18-megawatt offshore wind project reached full-capacity operation. The Yangjiang Fanshi offshore wind farm in Guangdong Province was developed by China General Nuclear Power Corporation. It has a total capacity of two million kilowatts and is made up of two sub-projects of one million kilowatts each.
The most eye-catching part of the project is its 33 ultra-large 18-megawatt turbines, the largest single-unit capacity model deployed in batches in China. The whole farm has 131 turbines in total. Each 18-megawatt turbine has a rotor diameter of 292 metres, and its swept area is about 66,000 square metres, as big as nine standard football fields.
The numbers behind one rotation are striking. At full load, a single rotation of the rotor can generate 43 kilowatt-hours of electricity, enough for an ordinary family to use for nine consecutive days. One turbine can produce up to 56 million kilowatt-hours a year, and the whole project delivers about 6.6 billion kilowatt-hours of clean power annually.
Why build bigger turbines? Larger machines mean fewer positions in the sea, which cuts the cost of submarine cables, offshore foundations and the use of sea areas. The project also built China’s first 500-kilovolt intermediate reactive power compensation station for an offshore wind farm, solving the problem of sending power smoothly over long distances.
In environmental terms, the project saves about 1.92 million tonnes of standard coal and cuts about 5.1 million tonnes of carbon dioxide every year. With it, Yangjiang’s offshore wind capacity has passed eight million kilowatts, the highest among Chinese cities at the prefecture level. Big turbines, engineers say, are pushing offshore wind towards large capacity and low cost.
Words to know:
- capacity (容量，装机容量)
- turbine (风机，涡轮机)
- rotor (叶轮，转子)
- submarine (海底的)
- foundation (基础，地基)
- annually (每年地)
- striking (惊人的，显著的)
长难句拆解 · enough for sb to do 结构
原句：At full load, a single rotation of the rotor can generate 43 kilowatt-hours of electricity, enough for an ordinary family to use for nine consecutive days.
主干：a single rotation can generate 43 kilowatt-hours of electricity. 结构：At full load 是介词短语作条件状语，表示「在满负荷状态下」。句末 enough for an ordinary family to use for nine consecutive days 是形容词短语作后置补充，其中 enough for sb to do 是「足够某人做某事」的固定结构。 语法点：enough 后接 for + 名词 + to do，可以在不加从句的情况下补一层「数量与后果」的关系，是科技说明文里的高频句型。 直译：满负荷运转时，叶轮每旋转一圈可发电43千瓦时，够一个普通家庭连续使用9天。
再看一句：Larger machines mean fewer positions in the sea, which cuts the cost of submarine cables, offshore foundations and the use of sea areas. 主干：Larger machines mean fewer positions. 结构：which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个主句「机位变少」这件事；从句里 of submarine cables, offshore foundations and the use of sea areas 是三个并列的 of 短语，共同修饰 the cost。 语法点：which 指代整句时，从句谓语用单数；这种「句子作先行词」的写法适合用来总结因果，比另起一句更紧凑。 直译：机器越大，海上的机位就越少，从而降低海底电缆敷设、海上基础施工和海域占用的成本。
同义替换 · 雅思阅读利器
同一个意思，原文和题干常用不同的词表达，认得出替换就等于认得出答案。
- reached full-capacity operation → began running at full power（全容量投运）
- largest single-unit capacity model → the most powerful model of its kind（单机容量最大机型）
- as big as nine standard football fields → the size of nine football pitches（相当于9个足球场）
- generate 43 kilowatt-hours of electricity → produce 43 kilowatt-hours of power（发电43度）
- cuts the cost of submarine cables → lowers the expense of undersea cables（降低海底电缆成本）
- sending power smoothly over long distances → transmitting electricity stably across long ranges（长距离平稳输电）
- the highest among Chinese cities at the prefecture level → no other prefecture-level city in China has more（地级市中最高）
阅读自测 · 3 题
- 判断题：根据第二段，每台18兆瓦风机的叶轮直径为292米，扫风面积相当于9个标准足球场。请判断 True / False / Not Given。
- 简答题：According to paragraph 3, how many kilowatt-hours of electricity can a single rotation generate at full load?
- 选词填空（从 turbine、rotor、capacity、submarine 中选）：The farm has 131 machines in total, and each 18-megawatt ____ turns a 292-metre ____; the power is sent ashore through ____ cables.
参考答案与解析
- True。第二段 Each 18-megawatt turbine has a rotor diameter of 292 metres, and its swept area is about 66,000 square metres, as big as nine standard football fields 与题干逐项对应。干扰项套路是「偷换单位」：292 米是叶轮直径，66,000 平方米是扫风面积，若把直径当成面积就是把两个数据张冠李戴。
- 43 kilowatt-hours。第三段 a single rotation of the rotor can generate 43 kilowatt-hours of electricity 直接给出答案。注意同一句里还出现了 nine consecutive days，那是家庭用电的天数，若把「9」当成发电量数字，就中了「相邻数字」型干扰。
- turbine；rotor；submarine。第一空对应第二段 its 33 ultra-large 18-megawatt turbines；第二空对应 a rotor diameter of 292 metres；第三空对应第四段 the cost of submarine cables。capacity 是文中高频词，但三处都不是它的位置，属于「原文有词、位置不对」型干扰项。
中文译文
9月24日，中国首个规模化应用18兆瓦机型的海上风电项目实现全容量投运。位于广东的中广核阳江帆石海上风电场由中广核开发。它的总容量达到200万千瓦，由两个百万千瓦级的子项目组成。
整个项目最引人注目的，是33台18兆瓦超大型风机——这是国内批量落地的单机容量最大机型。全场共布置131台风机。每台18兆瓦风机的叶轮直径达292米，扫风面积约6.6万平方米，相当于9个标准足球场的大小。
一圈旋转背后的数字十分惊人。满负荷运转时，叶轮每旋转一圈可发电43千瓦时，够一个普通家庭连续使用9天。单台机组一年可发电最多5600万千瓦时，整个项目每年输送约66亿千瓦时清洁电力。
为什么要造更大的风机？机器越大，海上的机位就越少，从而降低海底电缆敷设、海上基础施工和海域占用的成本。项目还建成了国内首个海上风电场500千伏中间无功补偿站，解决了电力长距离平稳输送的难题。
从环保角度看，该项目每年可节约标煤约192万吨、减排二氧化碳约510万吨。随着它投运，阳江的海上风电装机容量突破800万千瓦，在中国地级市中排名第一。工程师们说，大型风机正推动海上风电走向大容量、低成本。