Many Chinese families dream of travelling in a camper van. But until recently, the dream came with problems. Where could such a large vehicle park? Where could the driver get water, or charge a battery, at night? On 13 September, the State Council forwarded a plan written by ten government departments to encourage camper van and caravan travel.
The plan has nine parts, and one of them changes the rules for using a vehicle. Small camper vans used by families will have no forced retirement age. For rented camper vans, the service life rises from 15 years to 25 years, and for trailer caravans from 15 to 20. More driving test centres will also offer the C6 licence, which drivers need when they tow a trailer.
Parking is the biggest headache for RV owners, and the plan deals with it directly. Cities are asked to build special parking areas for camper vans. When public car parks are built or repaired, some spaces should be planned for larger vehicles. Highway service areas are encouraged to set up RV zones that provide water, electricity and waste services, and parking fees should stay reasonable.
Camping grounds also receive support. They will be included in national land planning, and a simple camp that does not cover the ground with concrete can keep its original land type. Local governments are encouraged to turn unused land into public camps, and to build camps near tourist attractions and along scenic roads.
For travellers, the plan promises special camper van routes and products designed for families. Rental companies are encouraged to offer no-deposit service and to let customers return a car in a different city. The plan also sets rules for safe and clean camping. In short, the country is preparing not only the vehicle but also the road.
Words to know:
- camper van (房车，自行式房车)
- caravan (旅居挂车，拖挂式房车)
- consumption (消费)
- licence (驾照，执照)
- tow (拖，牵引)
- service area (服务区)
- campsite (营地)
- reasonable (合理的)
长难句拆解 · 并列句中的省略 + 不定式并列
例句：For rented camper vans, the service life rises from 15 years to 25 years, and for trailer caravans from 15 to 20.
这是由 and 连接的并列句。后半句 for trailer caravans from 15 to 20 里没有动词，因为它和前半句共用 the service life rises，这种写法叫「省略」，目的是避免重复。补全后是 and the service life for trailer caravans rises from 15 years to 20 years。读的时候要把前半句的动词「借」过来，否则会觉得句子缺了成分。
还要留意 from … to … 这个结构：from 15 years to 25 years 表示由原来的 15 年提高到 25 年，中文译成「由……放宽至……」最自然。介词 for 引出的对象也很关键，它决定了这条规则适用于哪一类车。
直译：对租赁的小、微型自行式房车来说，使用年限由 15 年提高到 25 年；对旅居挂车来说，则由 15 年提高到 20 年。
再看一句：The plan asks cities to build special parking areas for camper vans, and to plan RV spaces when public car parks are built or repaired.
谓语是 asks，结构是 ask sb to do A and to do B，两个不定式并列，第二个 to 不能省。when 引导的时间状语从句里用的是被动语态 are built or repaired，因为重点是停车场被建、被改，而不是谁去建。中文习惯把时间状语放在动作前面。
同义替换 · 雅思阅读利器
下面 6 组替换都出自本文，右侧是对应的替换说法，点开核对。
- encourage → support / promote（表示「鼓励、推动」）
- instead of → rather than / in place of（表示替代）
- headache → problem / trouble（比喻「难题」）
- build → set up / put up（表示建设）
- reasonable → fair / sensible（形容收费合理）
- in short → in a word / to sum up（表示总结）
阅读自测 · 3 题
三道题分别对应规则、服务与数字，先不看答案。
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- 判断正误（T / F / NG）：A small family camper van must be scrapped after 15 years.
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- 简答：What basic services should highway service areas provide for RV users?
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- 简答：How long can a rented small camper van be used now?
参考答案与解析
每题给出答案与判断依据，注意最后提到的干扰项套路。
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- F（错误）。第二段写 Small camper vans used by families will have no forced retirement age，即自用小型房车不设强制报废年限。题目把「租赁房车 25 年」的规则挪到家庭自用车上，又改成 15 年，属于「张冠李戴 + 偷换数字」。
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- Water, electricity and waste services. 依据在第三段，原文写 provide water, electricity and waste services。若答 parking 或 repair，那是停车场要做的事，不是服务区承诺的基本服务。
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- 25 years. 第二段写 For rented camper vans, the service life rises from 15 years to 25 years。答 15 年是把改革前的规定当成现行规定，属于「新旧混淆」。
中文译文
很多中国家庭都梦想开着房车去旅行。但直到不久前，这个梦想总伴着难题：这么大的车能停在哪里？夜里去哪里补水、去哪里充电？9 月 13 日，国务院办公厅转发了十个政府部门联合制定的措施，为房车和旅居挂车的出行提供支持。
这份文件共分九个部分，其中一部分改变了车辆的使用规则。家庭自用的小、微型房车不再设强制报废年限；租赁的小、微型自行式房车使用年限由 15 年放宽到 25 年，旅居挂车由 15 年放宽到 20 年。此外，将有更多驾校考点开设 C6 驾照考试，拖挂房车上路需要这本驾照。
停车是房车车主最大的头疼事，文件直接回应了这一点。各地被鼓励建设房车集中停放场地；新建或改造公共停车场时，应因地制宜规划一些适合大车的车位。高速公路服务区被鼓励设置房车停车区域，提供补水、充电和排污服务，停车收费也要合理。
房车营地同样获得支持。营地将被纳入国土空间规划统筹安排；不硬化地面的简易营地，可以依法按原地类管理。各地被鼓励盘活闲置低效资源建设公共营地，也鼓励在具备条件的旅游景区和旅游风景道沿线建设营地。
对旅行者来说，文件承诺打造特色房车旅游线路和适合家庭的定制化产品。汽车租赁企业被鼓励开展房车租赁，推广信用免押和异地还车。文件还对安全、文明的露营行为作出规范。总而言之，国家准备的不只是车，还有路。